The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of science classes using a science inquiry program that utilizes data science on the science core competency among high school students. To achieve this, a science inquiry program was developed based on the data science process, incorporating public data related to heat exchange in chemical reactions, and considering the characteristics of digital-native learners as well as social demands. This program, designed for use in the Chemistry I course, integrates data science with scientific inquiry. The developed program was applied over a three-week period with 52 students at K high school in Chungnam. To verify the program’s effectiveness, students’ science core competency was assessed before and after the program was applied. The study results are as follows: the science inquiry program utilizing data science showed a significant effect on the science core competency, specifically in scientific reasoning, scientific communication ability.